52. Wilful, done on purpose.
53. Mortal, that which kills; deadly.
53. Venial, that which wounds without killing.
54. Grievous, very great.
55. Spiritual, belonging to the soul.
55. Sanctifying, making holy or pleasing to God.
55. Grace, God’s work in our soul.
55. Damnation, casting into hell.
56. Reflection, thinking a thing over.
56. Matter, the act done.
56. Consent, giving in to.
58. Resist, to refuse to do.
59. Pride, taking credit to ourselves for what was given us by God.
59. Covetousness, too great a thirst for money.
59. Gluttony, eating or drinking too much.
59. Envy, sorrow at another’s welfare.
59. Sloth, laziness which keeps us from doing our duty.
59. Capital, the heads, the sources of others.
Is original sin the only kind of sin?
A. Original sin is not the only kind of sin; there is another kind of sin, which we commit ourselves, called actual sin.
What is actual sin?
A. Actual sin is any wilful thought, word, deed, or omission contrary to the law of God.
How many kinds of actual sin are there?
A. There are two kinds of actual sin—mortal and venial.
What is mortal sin?
A. Mortal sin is a grievous offence against the law of God.
Why is this sin called mortal?
A. This sin is called mortal because it deprives us of spiritual life, which is sanctifying grace, and brings everlasting death and damnation on the soul.
How many things are necessary to make a sin mortal?
A. To make a sin mortal three things are necessary: a grievous matter, sufficient reflection, and full consent of the will.
What is venial sin?
A. Venial sin is a slight offence against the law of God in matters of less importance, or in matters of great importance it is an offence committed without sufficient reflection or full consent of the will.
Which are the effects of venial sin?
A. The effects of venial sin are the lessening of the love of God in our heart, the making us less worthy of His help, and the weakening of the power to resist mortal sin.
Which are the chief sources of sin?
A. The chief sources of sin are seven: Pride, Covetousness, Lust, Anger, Gluttony, Envy, and Sloth; and they are commonly called capital sins.