Jungmann, Bernard, dogmatic theologian and ecclesiastical historian, b. at Münster in Westphalia, 1 March, 1833; d. at Louvain, 12 Jan., 1895. He belonged to an intensely Catholic family of Westphalia; like him, two of his brothers entered the service of the Church, one joining the Society of Jesus and the other becoming a missionary in the United States. After finishing his studies with brilliant success at the pub lic schools of his native town, he entered the German College at Rome through the mediation of the bishop's’ secretary, afterwards Cardinal Melchers, and made his philosophical and theological studies in the Gre gorian College. In 1854 he received the degree of Doe tor of Philosophy; he was ordained priest in Rome on 8 June, 1857, and two years later received the degree of Doctor of Theology. He then returned to Germany and worked for a short time as chaplain in the church of St. Adelgunde at Emmerich. Bishop Malou of Bruges, who chanced to be present in Rome in 1854 when Jungmann made his public defence of the philo sophical theses, called him in September, 1861, to the chair of philosophy in the Petit Séminaire at Roulers Four years later (1865) he became professor of theol. ogy in the ecclesiastical seminary at Bruges. Even at Roulers, while performing his duties as teacher, he be gan that literary activity, which was thenceforth ever associated with his professorial duties. His appoint ment to the chair of ecclesiastical history at Louvain, in succession to Wouters, opened in 1871 a wider field for his great ability. A keen intellect with powers of clear exposition, joined to the spirited delivery which distinguished his lectures, ensured him great success, He enlarged the field of ecclesiastico-historical studies by delivering special lectures on patrology, and establishing in 1890 a seminary for ecclesiastical history, in which students were to receive a scientific and methodical training in original historical research.
Jungmann remained to the end of his life a professor at Louvain, declining the honour of a call to be professor of dogmatic theology in the newly founded Catholic University at Washington. He was seized with a fit of apoplexy at the burial of a colleague, and died at Louvain in 1895. His activity as a writer was equal to his energy as a lecturer. As professor of philosophy he wrote “Demonstratio christiana. I. Demonstrationis. monstrationis christian preambula philosophica” (Roulers, 1864; 2nd ed., 1867). In the domain of theology he wrote his “Institutiones theologie dogmatice specialis” in five tracts, widely used and much ap- preciated for their clear style: “De Gratia” (Bruges 1866; 5th ed., Ratisbon, 1882); “De Deo uno et trino” (Bruges, 1867; 4th ed., Ratisbon, 1882); “De Deo Creatore” (Bruges, 1868; 4th ed., Ratisbon, 1883); “De Verbo incarnato” (Bruges, 1869; 4th ed., Ratisbon, 1884); “De quattuor novissimis” (Ratisbon, 1871; 3rd ed., 1885). He wrote also the “Institutiones theologie dogmaticæ generalis” (Bruges, 1871; 4th ed., Ratisbon, 1886). In church history he first re-edited Wouter’s “Historie ecclesiasticæ compendium” (3 vols., Louvain, 1879), and later published ‘Special studies, particularly on theological controversies and on the papacy: “Dissertationes selectæ in historiam ecclesiasticam ” (5 vols., Ratisbon, 1880). In patrology he issued Fessler’s excellent “ Institutiones Patrologie” in a new and much enlarged edition (2 vols., Innsbruck, 1890, 1892,1896). Hecontributed numerous articles to German and French journals, partic ularly worthy of mention being: “ Die neue französische Fortschrittsphilosophie” in the “Katholik” (Mainz, 1865); “Die hl. Martyrer von Gorkum”, ibid. (1867); “Clemens V. und die Aufhebung des Templerordens” in the “Zeitschrift für kath. Theologie” (Innsbruck, 1881); “ Le caractére moral de Luther” in “La Controverse” (1883).
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