Fridelli (properly FRIEDEL), Xaver Ehrenbert, Jesuit missionary and cartographer, b. at Linz, Austria, 11 March, 1673; d. at Peking, 4 June, 1743. He entered the Society of Jesus in 1688 and in 1705 arrived in China. Fridelli was an important contributor to the cartographical survey of the Chinese Empire, begun in 1708 and completed in 1718 (according to others, 1715). Baron Richthofen says that this work is “the most comprehensive cartographical feat ever performed in so short a space of time” (“China”, Beree 1877, I, 661, see 631 sq.). Together with Fathers Régis, Jartoux, and others, he designed the maps of Chi-li, the Amur districts, Kahlkhas (Mongolia), Sze-ch’wan, Yun-nan, Kwei-chou, and Hu-kwang (Hu-nan and Hu-pe), for which purpose they traversed the whole empire from south to north. At the time of his death Fridelli had been rector for many years of the Southern or Portuguese church (Nan-t’ang), one of the four Jesuit churches at Peking.
Five letters in N. Welt-Bott (Augsburg, 1726, and Vienna, 1758), nos. 103, 106, 194, 589, 674; MSS. report in the Vienna State library, no. 1117; Du Halde, Description de’ Empire de la Chine (The Hague, 1736), I, preface; Huonder, Deutsche Jesuitenmissionire (Freiburg im Br., 1899), 87, 186.
A. Huonder.