Feuchtersleben, Baron Ernst von, an Austrian poet, philosopher, and physician; b. at Vienna, 29 April, 1806; d. 3 September, 1849. After completing his course at the Theresian Academy, he took up the study of medicine in 1825, receiving the degree of Doctor of Medicine in 1833. In 1844 he began a series of free lectures on psychiatry at the University of Vienna, the next year became dean of the medical faculty, and in 1847 was made vice-director of medico-chirurgical-∗ chirurgical studies. In July, 1848, he was appointed under-secretary of state in the ministry of public instruction, and in this capacity he attempted to introduce some important reforms in the system of education, but, discouraged by the difficulties which he encountered, he resigned in December of the following year. Asa medico-philosophical writer, Feuchtersleben attained great popularity, especially through his book “ Zur Diätetik der Seele” (Vienna, 1838), which went through many editions (46th in 1896). Hardly less famous is his “ Lehrbuch der arztlichen Seelenkunde” (Vienna, 1845), translated into English by H. Evans Lloyd under the title of ‘“ Principles of Medical Psychology” (revised and edited by B. G. Babington, London, 1847). He also wrote an essay, ‘Die Gewissheit und Würde der Heilkunst” (Vienna, 1839), a new edition of which appeared under the title “ Aerzte und Publikum” (Vienna, 1845). As a poet Feuchtersleben is chiefly known by the well-known song, “ Es ist bestimmt in Gottes Rat”, which appeared in “Gedichte” (Stuttgart, 1836) and was set to music by Mendelssohn. His later poems are more philosophical and critical. His essays and other prose writings were published under the title “ Beitrage zur Litteratur-, Kunst- und Lebenstheorie” (Vienna, 1837-41). His complete works (exclusive of his medical writings) were edited by Friedrich Hebbel (7 vols., Vienna, 1851-53).
Consult the autobiography prefixed to the above-mentioned edition; also NECKER, Ernst v. Feuchtersleben, der Freund Grillparzers in Jahrbuch der Grillparzer-Gesellschaft, III (Vienna,
Arthur F. J. Remy.