Orientius, Christian Latin poet of the fifth century. He wrote an elegiac poem (Commonitorium) of 1036 verses (divided into two books) describing the way to heaven, with warnings against its hindrances. He was a Gaul (II, 184), who had been converted after a life of sin (I, 405 sq.), was evidently an experienced pastor, and wrote at a time when his country was being devastated by the invasion of savages. All this points to his identification with Orientius, Bishop of Augusta Ausciorum (Auch), who as a very old man was sent by Theodoric I, King of the Goths, as ambassador to the Roman generals Aetius and Litorius in 439 (“Vita S. Orientii” in ‘Acta SS.”, I May, 61). The Commonitorium quotes classical poets—Virgil, Ovid, Catullus—and is perhaps influenced by Prudentius. It exists in only one MS. (Cod. Ashburnham. sec. X), and is followed by some shorter anonymous poems not by Orientius, and by two prayers in verse attributed to him. The first complete edition was published by Marténe, ‘“Veterum Scriptorum Monumenta”, I (Rouen, 1700); then by Gallandi, “Bibliotheca veterum Patrum”, X (Venice, 1774), 185-96, reprinted in “P. L.”, LXI, 977-1006. The best modern edition is by Ellis in the “Corpus Scriptorum Eccl. Latinorum”, XVI (Vienna, 1888): “Poetz Christiani minores”, I, 191-261.
Manitius, Gesch. d. Litt. d. Mittelalters im Abendlande, I (Leipzig, 1889), 410-4; Fessler-Jungmann, Institutiones Patrologia, II, ii (Innsbruck, 1896), 374-6.
Adrian Fortescue.